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Dengue fever prevention AND EFFORT
(Drs.H.MARDJAN, M. Kes)

A. INTRODUCTION
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes mosquito Agypti, an endemic disease throughout the city almost in Indonesia infected with this disease.
This disease was first discovered in Jakarta reported in 1968, at Surabaya in 1968 and the City of Pontianak and Sambas District, West Kalimantan Province in 1977 (City Health Office, 2005).
During the period 1968 to 1993 in Indonesia average 18,000 people treated in hospital for this disease, and 700 to 750 of them died (Dep.Kes RI, 1996) Based on the number of DHF cases, Indonesia ranks second after Thailand . Since the year 1968 morbidity and the spread of the disease continued to increase from year to year. According to data Dit Jen PPM & PL in 2004 the highest mortality rate occurred in the province of West Kalimantan with the Case Fatality Rate (CFR = 6.67%) or every 100 cases of 6 people died. Many factors cause high mortality caused by dengue, among others, delays in knowing the symptoms of early symptoms of this disease, delay in bringing the patient to the hospital and facilities, blood, blood substitutes and nurses, specialist doctors available in the health service itself.
Actual transmission of the disease can be overcome so that this disease caused the death does not occur, how to break the chains of transmission that Agypti Aedes mosquito can not breed and transmit the dengue virus to humans.

B. CAUSE FEVER VIRUS BERDARAH
Dengue virus is now known to have 4 types (type 1, 2, 3, and 4) are included in the group Arthropod borne viruses (Arboviruses). The fourth type virus has been found in various regions in Indonesia such as Jakarta and Yogyakarta.
The first infection with dengue virus causing specifik immunity, which is relative, so that one may be afflicted for a second time or more with the same dengue virus or another type. Extensive epidemiological investigations to prove the existence of a relationship DHF (Dengue Fever Haemorogik) skunder antibody response, in other words of hemorrhage because these diseases can occur if an infection had repeated a second time or more different virus types in a particular period is estimated at between 6 months up to 5 years (Dep.Kes RI 1981)
Dengue virus is alive in the human body’s blood whether they suffered from Dengue Fever and who showed no symptoms of illness symptoms and in Agypti Aedes mosquito.
In the human body can survive up to 5 years while in the body of the female Aedes mosquito Agypti up to 2 – 3 months, conformed to the age of mosquitoes (Dep.Kes RI, 1996).

C. MOSQUITO transmission of Dengue Fever
Transmission vector of dengue fever is Aedes mosquito Agypti with characteristic features as follows:
1.Berwarna striped black and striped (white stripes) on the entire body.
2.Nyamuk mosquito is also called intellect, breed only in clean water such as bathtub
shower, jars, drums, flower vases, plant pots of water, cans, old tires and any other other.
3. Unable to reproduce diselokan / sewer drains or ponds where the water is directly related to the
land.
This 4.Nyamuk human bites in the morning until late afternoon once the night hari.tidak
5. Female mosquitoes lay eggs on the wall of water reservoirs clean. Eggs to be
3-5 days and the larvae become adult mosquitoes need take 7 – 10 days, mosquito eggs can be
6-month survival, dry place
6. Once every 2 days female mosquitoes suck human blood, age of female mosquitoes can be reached
2 – 3 months.
7. Mosquitoes can fly up to 100 meters. (Dep.Kes RI. 1996)

D. CYCKUS transmission of dengue fever
Dengue Fever is caused by dengue virus:
1.Ditularkan through the bite of female Aedes aegypti mosquito, dengue mosquitoes get the virus when
bite / suck the blood of sick people or people of dengue fever are not ill but
There dengue virus in the body (Carier).
2. The virus is inhaled will breed into infective form and spread throughout the body
mosquito saliva glands including the period from 2 to 7 days.
3. If mosquitoes are biting / sucking the blood of another person, the virus will move to the
is bitten.
4. People are bitten by mosquitoes if not immune or already have another type of dengue virus
the concerned will be ill dengue fever, incidence of pain after being bitten
Mosquito more or less a week (Dep.Kes RI, 1996)

E. SYMPTOMS Symptoms of dengue fever
The symptoms of dengue fever disease Dangue (Dep.Kes RI, 2000) as follows:
1. Sudden high heat for 2 to 7 days.
2. Red spots appeared dikulit spots.
3. Sometimes in the nose bleed (nosebleeds).
4. Possible vomiting or dysentery.
5. Often feels pain in the gut
6. When severe, the patient anxiety, cold hands and feet sweating.
7. Trombocyt laboratory tests decreased less than 160,000 / mm
In general, common symptoms symptoms similar things, but there are some cases that did not seem symptoms of this phenomenon, only to feel feverish and dizzy heads but how many days later dihidung bleeding (nosebleeds) or dengue shock syndrome directly (fainting) that require help and treatment Hospital’s intensive.

F. DHF PREVENTION EFFORTS
Break the chains of transmission penyaki Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in a way:
1. Destroy mosquito eggs and larvae with technique
a). Giving abate the clean water reservoirs such as jars, drums, and other other
in accordance with predetermined amounts to 200 liters (1 Drum) is 20 mg Abate or one
pack, which in repeated every 3 months.
b. Cleaning flower pots, bath, clean water reservoirs and other water places
Regularly at least once a week.
c. Bury goods that can be used rainwater as plastic bags, cans
, The other tires and the other, so that mosquitoes do not have the chance to breed.
d. Maintain cleanliness in the home by eliminating mosquito haven in a way
Do not hang clothes outside the closet, opening the closet space is often cleaned and mosquitoes
not have a chance to hide.
2). Kill adult mosquitoes.
a. Doing Smoking (fogging) to kill adult mosquitoes that die and can not be
breed, but the condition of all the houses in one area of DHF cases are not
exception to the fogging (Dep.Kes.RI 2000).
b. Using an electric mosquito coil, spray or burn to kill the mosquito Aedes Agypti
hiding or coming from elsewhere in the house.
3). Avoiding the Agypti Aedes mosquitoes bite.
a. If your child naps should use mosquito nets.
b. Protect skin from mosquito bites by applying citronella oil, replient on
skin surface is not protected clothes.
c. Ventilation, air hole wire netting should be given so that mosquitoes are not free in and out
If these three components conducted both in the community, so definitely and real
will reduce morbidity and mortality Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever disease.

1.HEALTHY PRADIGMA
Healthy Pradigma is one way to tackle the problem of health sector problems, which have often wrong, we always resolve the issue on which the object is always in this disease is not the root cause of illness but, why did he get the disease, like if we cut down only branches branches alone, surely will grow and grow again, but if the roots are removed, then the tree will die. Like focusnya disease if we just treat it all the time and time again someone will repeat the same disease. how much it cost and how many working days lost due to this disease so as not productive. Thus it is necessary to increase the knowledge and skills of communities in preventing disease through the efforts of promotive and preventive efforts in the field of health, introducing a variety of infectious diseases and Degeratif, and prevention efforts that can be done by health workers to individuals, families and communities through house to house visits, Discussion Group, TV, Film, etc., are continuous and continuously so that people can change their knowledge, then changed his attitude and the last to change behavior.
Case examples, a number of village communities of diarrhea treated at health service, every day there with diarrhea, to overcome this problem sought didesa cause diarrhea, it appeared that the water sources used for everyday purposes contaminated with human feces, solution is aware of the community to make healthy simple latrines either mutual cooperation or social gathering so that every family has a healthy simple latrines, and community impact is the case with diarrhea declined sharply, rarely found more cases of diarrhea, may be minimal expenses and work more productively.
Pradigma healthy is more emphasis on promotional efforts, without limiting preventive curative and rehabilitative efforts.

2.ART PREVENT DISEASE
Various adult diseases that strike humans, can be prevented by the man himself, a few tips to stay healthy:
1. Regular exercise, either walking, riding a bike, jog, which is important
whole body moves so sweat.
2. Menuseimbang eat, our food must contain
Substance substance the body needs, the food must consist of rice, vegetables, fish.
3. Istrahat should regularly, at least one night sleeping 6 to 8 hours.
4. Avoid smoking and alcoholic liquor.
5. Avoid conflicts with family, coworkers
6. Positive thinking and can accept the fact that there
7. Check your health regularly.
8. Avoid having sex free.
If you do this, certain diseases can be prevented and the cost for treatment can be stored for the purposes of the family or more importantly
Good luck

3. EFFORTS TO PREVENT DISEASE
Various kinds of diseases that attack humans can be prevented, how to prevent it is different from each other, because each disease has its own character in the transmit disease.
Prevention efforts there are 3 characters:
1. When in good health not disease.
2. In sickness so that the pain does not get worse
3. When recovering from an illness so that the body can quickly recover

4.DISEASE  WORM
Viewed from the aspect of Public Health was not true, because by killing worms that already exists in the body similar to a cure, because it would have an impact on the child, the right to prevent this disease is to avoid eating or swallowing worm eggs to infective eggs that will hatch soon in the stomach and should be remembered that the worms will not breed in the stomach, if we ingested / swallowed a worm eggs will also be a tail, lost in the 10 eggs would have 10 tail worm, and worms in the stomachs of age ranged from 14 months to 18 months and will die by itself, it is necessary to prevent personal hygiene, among others:
1. Washing your hands with clean water after defecation and before eating.
2. With a hood placed over foods to avoid food from flies and dust
3. Washing vegetables for lalap preferably with running water (faucet).
4. Wear footwear when walking places which moist and muddy (hookworm)
5. Cooking vegetables to boiling water.
6. Cleaning the hair every day and cut the nails once a week.
7. Washing dishes / drinks with soap and running water (tap)